Physics
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The law of conservation of mass
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The law of conservation of mass
In classical mechanics there is the fundamental law of conservation of mass, in various formulations. In general, given a control volume, fixed, the variation of mass contained in it is equal to the outgoing flow of mass through the frontier of the system, that is through the closed surface that delimits the volume, changed of sign: in simple words, the variation of mass of a system is equal to the incoming mass minus the outgoing mass; this implies, for example, that the mass can be neither created nor destroyed, but only moved from one place to another. In chemistry, Antoine Lavoisier established in the 18th century that in a chemical reaction the mass of the reactants is equal to the mass of the products.
The principle of conservation of mass is valid with very good approximation in everyday experience, but it ceases to be valid in nuclear reactions and, in general, in phenomena involving relativistic energies: in this case it is incorporated in the principle of conservation of energy.
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